Botanical medicine and diabetes.
1. Prevalence and causes of diabetes. Debunking myths.
2. The standard treatment of type 2 diabetes.
3. Directions of phytotherapy in diabetes.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases in humans. According to epidemiologists, in industrialized countries, the prevalence of this disease reaches 10-15%. However, a significant proportion of DM cases occur without obvious clinical symptoms and remain unrecognized for a long time. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of the disease, accounting for more than 90% of all reported cases of diabetes. Speaking of type 2 diabetes, we should pay attention to the widespread misconception that “type 2 diabetes is an insulin-independent form of the disease.” This statement is fundamentally wrong.
Age.
Although type 2 diabetes can occur at any age, the vast majority of patients become ill with it after 40 years. Moreover, as the age increases, the incidence of type 2 diabetes increases. So, if among Europeans in General the prevalence of type 2 diabetes is 5-6%, then among patients over the age of 75 years, this pathology occurs in about 20% of cases. This fact is easy to explain, because the older the patient, the greater the probability of exhaustion and apoptosome-cells of his pancreas and the formation of insulin deficiency.
Obesity.
Not all obese people get diabetes. However, the risk of diabetes in obese patients is significantly increased. Obesity leads to deformation of the insulin receptor complex on the surface of insulin-dependent tissue cells (adipocytes, myocytes, hepatocytes) and is always accompanied by insulin resistance. However, DM will occur only if insulin resistance is joined by a relative or absolute insulin deficiency.
There are also myths about diabetes that require comment.
1. “Diabetes is an incurable progressive disease.”
Both theoretically and practically, it can be reversed at any stage. This occurs both through lifestyle changes and the appointment of herbal medicine. Although in itself this fact should not dull the most attentive attitude to this disease.
2.The second myth is “If the glycemic control parameters do not correspond to the goals of treatment, it is necessary to intensify therapy.”
According to the proposed consensus, after the appointment of Metformin “it is advisable to Supplement therapy with 1-2 drugs (oral and/or injectable), seeking, if possible, to minimize undesirable effects” Following such recommendations, doctors are inevitably faced with the need to prescribe a variety of drugs to each patient, which is sharply contrary to the principles of minimizing the risks of unwanted drug interactions due to polypragmasia.
3. The third “weight gain – a side effect of treatment»
It should be emphasized that the reason for the increase in body weight in patients with DM2 is not some specific therapy, but absolutely inadequate lifestyle of this category of patients.
The euphoria associated with the triumph of glucocentric theory (“beat the sugar – save the patient”) and the concept of rigid glycemic control in conditions of diabetes SOON led to extrapolation of these views on the rules of treatment of DIABETES. After more than a century since the development of the first methods of treatment of type 2 diabetes, this disease not only remains one of the largest global problems, but its epidemic is becoming increasingly common.
Causes of type 2 diabetes.
A lot of research, especially recently (for example, agreements, advance,VADT) make us think that the very modern concept of SD2 is untenable. In fact , none of these studies found significant benefits of aggressive glycemic control from the perspective of cardiovascular prognosis, despite the reduction in the risks of microvascular complications.
2. The standard treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Dietotherapy.
1. Must limit the intake of digestible carbs (not carbs in General) and animal fats. The first provoke a rapid rise in blood sugar, which can not be quickly compensated by the introduction of insulin preparations or taking hypoglycemic tablets, the second – contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and the progression of macroangiopathy.
2. The diet of the patient should contain a sufficient amount of vitamins, minerals and plant fibers. Vitamins and microelements are necessary for all, but in the conditions of metabolic disorders characteristic of diabetes, their deficiency is especially difficult to tolerate. Vegetable fibers not only provide passage of food through the intestine, prevent the development of constipation, but also slow the absorption of glucose after eating. It also has a positive effect on the state of carbohydrate metabolism.
Medicines:
Modern antidiabetic tablets may be classified as follows: secretagogue insulin; sulfonylurea drugs (glibenclamide, gliclazide, gliquidone, glimepiride, glipizide); glendy (Repaglinide, nateglinide); sensitizer of insulin, glitazone (pioglitazone, rosiglitazone); biguanides (Metformin), drugs that slow the absorption of carbohydrates in the gut; inhibitors of alpha-glucosidase.
3. Directions of phytotherapy in diabetes.
Some modern antidiabetic drugs are synthetic analogues of plant substances. Such classes are derived biguanidines and acarbose. Many experimental studies have been conducted to establish the antidiabetic action of plants.
Plants with antidiabetic action, appoint 1 hour before meals.
The duration of use of plants is lifelong. It is preferable to Change plants every 2 months. It is better to combine different forms of application: powders, infusions, tinctures.
1.Plants that contribute to the normalization of glucose uptake.
MOMORDICA, cinemalaya, Galega, leaf beans, sprouts, blueberries,
2. Plants containing high levels of zinc.
Zinc is an important macronutrient that contribute to activation of immune processes and in the synthesis of insulin.
Plants: cornflower blue, livesecurity, Sophora Japanese, knotweed, viola tricolor.
3 Plants containing high amounts of chromium.
Chromium is an important trace element responsible for increasing the sensitivity of insulin receptors to glucose. It is also necessary to use chromium picolinate in the form of a finished drug.
Plants: goldthousand small, blue blue, birch hanging.
4. Plants containing inulin.
In the metabolism of inulin, fructose is formed, which is absorbed by the mechanism independent of insulin from.
Plants: dandelion roots, Jerusalem artichoke, chicory roots, elecampane roots.
5. Plant adaptogens: aralia, devil’s, lemongrass, ginseng, Rhodiola.
Participate in the restoration of hormonal balance.
6. Plants with hypoglycemic action: karagana prickly, fenugreek, alfalfa hop, walnut, white mulberry, cornflower blue.
7. Plants that stimulate the regeneration of beta cells of Langerhans Islands: Galega, flax, licorice.
8. Plants with diuretic properties, the leaves of birch, knotweed, common juniper, agrimony, harrow prickly.
The mechanism of action is associated with the excretion of excess glucose, metabolites, toxins.
List of literatures.
1.The IDF diabetes Atlas, fifth edition. 2011.
2. Inzucchi SE, Bergenstal RM, then BUSE JB, Diamant m, Ferrannini e, Nauck m, Peters LTD, Tsapas and Wender p, Dr Matthews, management of hyperglycemia in diabetes type 2 diabetes: a patient-centered approach. Statement of position by the American diabetes Association (ADA) and the European diabetes Association (EASD).Diabetology. 2012; 55(6):1577-1596. DOI: 10.1007 / s00125-012-2534-0 ahhh!